Today I am continuing my impressions of LinuxTag 2008 in Berlin.

Besides Harald and Rob I met Marcus Brinkmann at the social event (= kind of aftershow party). When reading the name on his speaker badge it reminded me of something but I had no clue. We were already in a longer discussion about rulerless societies when I realized that Markus is one of the main contributors to the HURD. It was very fun talking not about software to someone who participates to the core of the GNU project. :-)

The inherent desire of the GNU project to escape control, dominance and dependency from others always made me wonder whether anarchistic way of thinking is prevalent in this community.

When it comes to shared attitudes in a group I guess that people dealing with embedded systems dislike the x86 CPU architecture. At least Florian and Holger expressed their dislike at the LinuxTag and I know it from myself, too (guess why I use a PowerPC laptop ;-) ). Unfortunately in the embedded space ARM CPUs are what powers most of those nice little gagdets (mobiles, PDAs, MIDs/Internet tablets) and sometimes I wish there would be more AVR32 over the place. :-)

However as implied in my last LinuxTag post there is something happening in the embedded Linux world. More and more manufacturers are making specifications available for free and without the need to sign NDAs. Furthermore new hardware is developed with the goal to have free drivers and support from the free software community.

One of the younger efforts is BeagleBoard which is officially supported by Texas Instruments. The hardware contains an ARM Cortex A8 CPU clocked at 600 MHz. Calling this beast "embedded" is kind of an understatement. Still it has all the niceties of such a system: low energy consumption and no fans. If you are interested in what other nice things can be found on the BeagleBoard check out this site. Granted the hardware is already impressive but what IMO really rocks about the board is the new level of openness demonstrated by Texas Instrument (and to a great deal by ARM):

I became interested in the BeagleBoard shortly before LinuxTag and visited their booth at the end of the 2nd day. My questions to the friendly guy at the booth (sorry I do not remember the name, but it was TI staff) started right with the issues that are mostly pressing to me: specifications, NDAs, later lifting of access restrictions. What impressed me was the immediate offer to take one of the CDs from the desk. These CDs contain documents with thousands of pages of documentation of all stuff you find on the board. That reminded me of the cool marketing event of AMD (ATI) where they handed out CDs with specification to every member of a press conference.

So what you get is the reference manual for the board itself, the OMAP35xx embedded CPU and much more.

There are some special areas that are encumbered and need fixing: the board has an 3D accelerator from Imagination Technologies and a DSP with video decoding capabilities. The accelerator lacks public specification and to make use of the DSP a special compiler is needed which is only available as part of a larger licensing deal. There was a project of the Chemnitz University of Technology that implemented a GCC backend for the DSP. This port is not complete and has not been integrated upstream but still it is a start.

While I consider these encumbrances are an annoying drawback work is underway to fix the issue in one way or another. Furthermore those components are not essential - you can still access the framebuffer.

I would really like to get my hands on such a system and make run Jalimo's VMs (Cacao, JamVM) and class libraries (Classpath, MIDPath) run nicely on them. What interests me most is the CPU's floating-point support. Cacao has still trouble with ARM hardfloat and the BeagleBoard would allow me to debug that extensively.

Let me also add that I am currently fighting with PhoneME (Advanced, the CDC one) to get it compiled inside OpenEmbedded. I thank Ken Gillmer from Bug Labs helping me with this (Bug Labs are cool too. Have a look at their licensing page and you know why. :-) )

Back to TI and the Beagleboard: The guy from the Beagleboard booth told me that their interest with the hardware is that the FOSS community gathers around it produces all kinds of fixes and additions to existing projects (to make better use of the hardware or whatever). In return this will make the OMAP35xx series a better product to sell to other customers (and want to deploy some Linux on it). This may sound like exploitation but I think it is a fair deal because:

• nobody is forced to work on/for the device
• those who do will most likely gain a lot of experience that future employers will appreciate
• everyone and not only TI will profit from the contributions made by the volunteers

Before I close this post I would like to highlight my latest finding: ARM is currently making a lot documentation available for free. You can access the documents over here. There are still some placeholders for documents which are restricted and I am not sure whether those will be added later or are out of scope of this effort. Nevertheless ARM provides an RSS link where you will be informed about the latest documentation releases and updates. I have done that and am impressed about the number of documents that are finally seeing the light. I really hope that one day "Jazelle v1 Architecture Reference Manual" will appear in my RSS reader ...

LinuxTag in Berlin is over now and I think it was a great event. There is so much diverse and interesting stuff happening in the free software scene and the conference did a very good job at showing this clearly.

This year I was speaker (slides) as well as helper for the OpenEmbedded booth. From my personal rating my talks did not went so well. It would have been easy for me to cope with a slight fatigue, the technical problems (my Fedora9-powered iBook refused to detect the beamer connection, Sebastian's laptop could only show a clipped part of the slides) and do the talk in my mother's language. However I insist on being international-friendly (I would not like attending a foreign conference and have only talks in a language I do not understand.) and therefore did it in English. Well, that is the part where I have to try harder. :-)

Sebastian and me really missed Guillaume from MIDPath fame! It would have been a great opportunity to show everyone the really cool advancements of his project. Unfortunately work interferred and made him cancel the talk. Later we decided that I will jump in and present his slides so there would be no gap in the program. This did not went so well either: The MIDPath talk was 2 hours after mine and fatigue increased. Additionally it became clear that I am not so versed with all those J2ME technologies. Well, anyone who is interested in the project should not base his/her opinion on my presentation abilities but get in contact with Guillaume and the project's subversion repository. :)

On the other hand I think my booth attendance went very good. There where a lot of people showing up and asking questions. I find it much more easy to give answers that way (regardless of language).

An exciting happening for me was to meet and talk to Rob Savoye. He is currently developing Gnash and was one of the founding members of Cygnus Support. Cygnus was the first company making money from selling support services for free software and for this they (Rob and everyone else at Cygnus) are my personal heroes. They made this business model acceptable and I am convinced that their activities made my (and many others') free software job today possible. For this I am very thankful!

The companies' founding was in 1987 and still today you find people in the FOSS movement who confuse free software and earning money. I also like Cygnus' slogans: "We make free software affordable", "If its not source, its not software". So great! And remember that those slogans where coined before Linux was developed.

Oh yes, I really enjoyed talking to Rob. There are people who have less coding skills and experience than him and appear snobbish or affected. Not so with Rob. I felt being treated very kind regardless of me having difficulties with language again. :-D

What was also great that I together with Mario Behling had the chance to make an interview with Harald 'LaForge' Welte of gpl-violations.org and netfilter/iptables fame. We talked about the former project and company attitude towards the GNU GPL. I hope that with the publication of the interview more people get to know about Harald's (and the Freedom Taskforce's) work.

In my opinion free software developers should have a basic understanding of copyright, license requirements (share-alike/copyleft) and know the difference between copyright and patent law (bonus points if you also grok trademark law). You can learn all this from websites, Wikipedia and by reading Larry Lessig's 'Free Culture'. As such it only costs time and dedication and among other things tremendously helps making non-gossip comments over things happening at debian-legal. ;-)

This blog post is becoming to long and I have not talked about all the topics that interested me. Tomorrow I will write about who else I met at LinuxTag and those really cool things in the embedded free software scene I can't keep my mouth shut any longer. :-)